Upholstery Cleaning Codes

The exact method for cleaning upholstery depends on the fabric code. Here are the four codes to look for and an explanation of how to clean these particular fabrics.

Code W
The "W" code refers to fabrics that are man-made. Examples include nylon, herculon, acetate, olefin and polyester.
These types of fabrics can be cleaned with water-based cleaners. Spot clean, using the foam from a water-based cleaning agent such as mild detergent or non-solvent upholstery shampoo product. Apply foam with a soft brush in a circular motion. Vacuum when dry. Pre-test a small area before proceeding. If the upholstery is badly soiled, use a professional furniture cleaning service.

Code S
The "S" code refers to fabrics made of organic fibers like cotton, rayon and linen, as well as fabrics manufactured from animal origin like wool or silk.
Additional code "S" fabrics include denim, velour, brocade, tapestry, damask, acrylic and plaid (cotton/olefin blend).
These fabrics should be cleaned with a solvent or dry cleaning product. Spot clean using a mild water-free solvent or dry cleaning product. Pre-test in a small area before proceeding. Be sure not to over- saturate, and allow the area to dry completely and use a clean, white cloth. Blot out the solution. If the stain persists, rub lightly in a circular motion using a clean part of the cloth. Reverse the circular motion using a clean part of the cloth each time. You also may use the cool setting of a dryer, or fan the area dry once the stain is removed. For cleaning a cushion, clean the entire surface.

Code S-W
Fabrics with the "S-W" code may be spot cleaned with a mild solvent and/or water-based cleaner such as shampoo or the foam from a mild soap or detergent solution. Techniques mentioned for "W" or "S" coded fabrics should be followed with these fabrics.

Code X
Fabrics with the code "X" should only be cleaned by vacuuming or light brushing or professional dry cleaning. Water- or solvent-based cleaning agents should not be used, as they may cause excessive shrinking, staining or distortion of the surface pile.

Caring For Upholstered Furniture and Fabrics

To keep the fabric on your upholstered furniture looking bright, new and inviting for as long as possible, follow these suggestions:

Periodically, lightly brush or vacuum the upholstery to remove soil particles and dust and prevent them from imbedding between fibers.

Turn and rotate cushions after vacuuming to prevent excessive wear and soil deposits.

Avoid placing newspaper on fabric. The ink will permanently stain and discolor the material.

Keep fabrics away from direct sunlight if possible.

Do not use acids, dyes, paints or nail polish near fabrics.

Do not cover fabrics with darker fabrics when having work done in the home, since dyes may rub off.

Liquid spills should be absorbed immediately. Blot with white absorbent cloth or paper towel.

Spills such as jelly or soft spills should be scooped up with a soft edge spoon. If the spill has dried up, scoop it gently and vacuum the rest.

Never throw your fabric in the washer or dryer unless the fabric says it is machine washable. 

Remove the pillow forms before washing.

To spot clean, always test an area of the fabric that is not seen first, such as under a chair/sofa skirt. Let it dry, and then proceed if the results are positive. Do not oversaturate an area with any cleaning solutions.

Do not rub strongly and try not to let a stain dry.

Professional cleaning will prevent the gradual buildup of dirt and grime, but discuss with the dry cleaner any fire retardant finishes that may not endure through some methods of cleaning.